Explain Code Step by Step

Please explain the following [LANGUAGE] code to me. Assume I am at the [AUDIENCE_LEVEL] level.

**Code:**
```[LANGUAGE]
[CODE]
```

Walk me through:
1. **Overview** — what does this code accomplish as a whole?
2. **Section-by-section breakdown** — explain each meaningful block or function in order
3. **Non-obvious patterns or tricks** — highlight any clever techniques, idioms, or language-specific behavior a reader might miss
4. **Potential gotchas** — mention any edge cases, assumptions, or failure modes baked into this code

How to Use

Paste any code you want to understand — a function you found in a codebase, a library method, an algorithm from a tutorial, or legacy code with no comments. Set the audience level to match your own experience so the explanation uses the right vocabulary and avoids over- or under-explaining.

Variables

Variable	Description
[LANGUAGE]	Programming language (e.g., Python, TypeScript, Rust, SQL)
[CODE]	The code snippet, function, class, or module you want explained
[AUDIENCE_LEVEL]	Your experience level: beginner (new to programming), intermediate (comfortable with the basics), or expert (deep language knowledge, just unfamiliar with this pattern)

Tips

• For large files, paste only the section you care about most — a tightly scoped snippet gets a more focused explanation than a 300-line file.
• If the code uses a specific framework or library, mention it so the explanation can reference the right documentation context (e.g., "this is a React component using Redux").